Two types of immunity, humoral and cellular, offer protection against COVID. Humoral protection, contributed by circulating neutralizing antibodies, can provide immediate protection but decays more ...

Influenza vaccination is central to reducing morbidity and mortality. However, vaccine-induced immune responses vary considerably across vaccine platforms. Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers are ...

Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) remains the leading immunological cause of kidney allograft loss, yet its humoral origins are incompletely understood.

Adults aged 50 years and older demonstrate strong, durable immune responses after receiving an additional dose of the recombinant zoster vaccine.