Set theory is a mathematical abstract concerned with the grouping of sets of numbers that have commonality. For example, all even numbers make up a set, and all odd numbers comprise a set. All numbers ...

A team of four prominent mathematicians, including two Fields medalists, proved a conjecture described as a “holy grail of additive combinatorics.” Within a month, a loose collaboration verified it ...

Some mathematical patterns are so subtle you could search for a lifetime and never find them. Others are so common that they seem impossible to avoid. A new proof by Sarah Peluse of the University of ...

Type-2 fuzzy sets extend the classical concept of fuzzy sets by allowing the membership grade itself to be a fuzzy set. This extension provides a richer mathematical framework for representing ...