May 26, 2014 · This patient highlights all of the typical features of bilateral 4th nerve palsies, including a V-pattern esotropia, reversing hypertropia on left and right gaze (also with left and …

Nov 10, 2015 · The exact cause of congenital CN IV palsy is often uncertain, but it has been speculated that it may result from hypoplasia of the CN IV nucleus, birth trauma, anomalous …

Dec 1, 2005 · High-resolution MRI demonstrated varied abnormalities in both congenital and acquired Brown syndrome such as traumatic or iatrogenic scarring, avulsion of the trochlea, …

Cranial nerve IV (trochlear nerve) innervates the superior oblique muscle which is responsible for depression and intorsion of the eye.

Feb 21, 2005 · Parinaud’s Syndrome (Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome) with bilateral Superior Oblique Palsy The cause of diplopia, oscillopsia, and anomalous head posture in this patient was a …

Feb 9, 2015 · Asymmetric sagging between the eyes causes vertical strabismus, with the more inferiorly displaced pulley inducing a hypotropia and possible excyclotorsion [2]. It is important …

Apr 6, 2015 · Neurogenic Cranial Nerve III palsy The oculomotor nerve innervates the medial rectus, inferior rectus, superior rectus, and inferior oblique muscles. It also innervates the …

Jan 4, 2016 · Other studies report a benefit from tenectomy or partial severance of the superior oblique tendon followed by myectomy of the ipsilateral inferior oblique. While this approach is …

Oct 8, 2018 · A third nerve palsy commonly presents with the eye in an abducted and depressed position ("down and out") due to unopposed action of the lateral rectus and superior oblique …

Nov 6, 2010 · Inferior oblique muscle overaction and dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) occur in more than half of patients with congenital esotropia. Both of these associations are usually not …